Vent: fought a chatter problem on a 4140 shaft for 3 days, the fix was a 5 cent shim under the tailstock
Had a 2 inch diameter 4140 shaft, 14 inches long, and it sang like a bird no matter what I did. Tried slower speeds, faster feeds, swapped inserts twice, even dropped the nose radius to a sharper corner. Turned out the tailstock was sitting about 4 thou low, and a shim cut from a feeler gauge under the base killed the chatter in one pass. Anyone else chase their tail on a setup when the real problem was on the machine itself?
Did you check the tailstock with an indicator before you started cutting? I used to blame the tool every single time, spent years swapping inserts and fiddling with speeds when half my chatter was just the machine being out of line. A droop of 4 thou over that much length will do it, the part gets pushed and the tool digs in, then it sings. Now I sweep the tailstock first thing and it has saved me more hours than any insert change ever did.